Alexey Yakovlev Triaxial Centric Churches in Russia of the Classicism period and their European Prototypes

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa155-6-59
Title Triaxial Centric Churches in Russia of the Classicism period and their European Prototypes
Author email an2yakovlev@gmail.com
About author Yakovlev, Alexey Nikolaevich — senior-researcher. The State Institute of Art Studies (SIAS), Kozitskii pereulok, 5, 125000 Moscow, Russia
In the section Russian Art of the 18th–19th Centuries. Russian View of Classical Tradition DOI10.18688/aa155-6-59
Year 2015 Volume 5 Pages 540–554
Type of article RAR Index UDK 72.03 Index BBK 85.11
Abstract

Structures with a triangular or triaxial plan existed in Europe as early as in the Middle Ages, but they got extremely widespread in times of Baroque. In Russia first designs of triangular churches appeared in the first half of the 18th century. First triangular churches were built in Moscow in the 1770s. The Church of Our Lady of Vladimir in the estate Vinogradovo (1772–1777) and the Church of St. George in-the-Fields [“na vspol’e”] (1779–1788, has not survived) on the Malaia-Nikitskaya street are associated with V. I. Bazhenov. Neufforge’s project of “The Temple of War” and the projects of triangular churches by L. C. Sturm were prototypes for both buildings. The typology of triaxial centric churches developed in two directions. The 1st line directly used the centric type of triangular buildings, sometimes with emphasizing the corner rotundas. The 2nd line went along the way of combining the centric core of three rotundas and longitudinally oriented refectory [“trapeznaya”] with a bell tower. The main building of this group is the Church of Stt. Cosmas & Damian on Maroseyka street (1790–1803, M. F. Kazakov). In this Assay it is shown how the unusual type of triaxial centric churches became fairly widespread in Russia at the turn of 18th–19th centuries, due to copying popular iconographic models.
Keywords
Reference Alexey Yakovlev. Triaxial Centric Churches in Russia of the Classicism period and their European Prototypes. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 5. Eds: Svetlana V. Maltseva, Ekaterina Yu. Stanyukovich-Denisova, Anna V. Zakharova. St. Petersburg, NP-Print Publ., 2015, pp. 540–554. ISSN 2312-2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa155-6-59
Publication Article language russian
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