Perception of children’s drawings exhibitions within the expositions of “adult” art held in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century has not yet been considered by researchers with due attention. In the early twentieth century children’s art exhibitions organized by avant-garde artists preceded by the idea of showing a family art department under the fifth exhibition of the “New Society of Artists” (1908). It were “World of Art” artists who decided to demonstrate in this way their interest in children’s creativity. We have chosen the event which marks the beginning of the discussion about the search and display of “childness” in the “adult” art. Moreover, it marks rise of the debate between the “World of Art” artists and avant-garde painters who were demonstrating their interest in children’s art differently.