Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa2212-02-11
Title Augustinian Hermits as the Commissioners and the Audience of Painted Altarpiece in Renaissance Italy
Author email olgalnazarova@gmail.com
About author Nazarova, Olga A. — Ph. D., associate professor. National Research University Higher School of Economics. Myasnitskaya ul., 20, 101000, Moscow, Russian Federation. ORCID: 0000-0003-1143-0463
In the section Western European Medieval Art DOI10.18688/aa2212-02-11
Year 2022 Volume 12 Pages 181190
Type of article RAR Index UDK 7.034 Index BBK 85.147
Abstract

The paper is aimed to outline the specificity of the Italian Augustinian hermits in conceiving and projecting their altarpieces during the Renaissance period. Examination and confrontation of the painted polyptychs, created for the friars’ churches from the earliest known examples of Trecento to those of the 16th century, revealed the recurrence of approaches through the centuries. Like other mendicant congregations, the Austin friars used their altarpiece to represent the key aspects of their order’s identity by visualizing its mission, spiritual practices, and the important representatives of the order or saints chosen as role models. However, the high intellectual culture of the order gave rise to altarpiece programs that stood out for their complex and multilayered meanings. To develop their programs, the friars drew extensively from the theological heritage of their claimed founder and originated unique iconography that finds now parallel in Renaissance art. Their altarpieces, more than any other, required a specific way of perception, the so-called discursive perception, which was based on the viewer’s ability to establish connections between elements, draw parallels, evoke associations and synthesize all into a resulting meaning.

The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 20-012-00524.

Keywords
Reference Nazarova, Olga A. Augustinian Hermits as the Commissioners and the Audience of Painted Altarpiece in Renaissance Italy. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 12. Eds A. V. Zakharova, S. V. Maltseva, E. Iu. Staniukovich-Denisova. — St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg Univ. Press, 2022, pp. 181–190. ISSN 2312-2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa2212-02-11
Publication Article language english
Bibliography
  • 1. Bourdua L.; Dunlop A. (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy, Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007. 231 p.
  • 2. Bourdua L. Entombing the Founder: St Augustine of Hippo. Bourdua L.; Dunlop A. (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy. Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007, pp. 29–50.
  • 3. Cannon J. Dominican Patronage of the Arts in Central Italy: The Provincia Romana, C. 1220 –C. 1320, Ph.D. Thesis. Courtauld Institute of Arts, University of London, 1980. 532 p.
  • 4. Cannon J. Simone Martini, the Dominicans and the Early Sienese Polyptych. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 1982, no. 45, pp. 69–93.
  • 5. Cannon J. Pietro Lorenzetti and the History of the Carmelite Order. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 1987, vol. 50, pp. 18–28.
  • 6. Cannon J. The Creation, Meaning, and Audience of the Early Sienese Polyptych: Evidence from the Friars. Borsook E.; Superbi F. (eds.). Italian Altarpieces 1250–1550: Function and Design. Oxford, Oxford University Press Publ., 1994, pp. 41–79.
  • 7. Cole Ahl D. Benozzo Gozzoli’s Frescoes of the Life of Saint Augustine in San Gimignano: Their Meaning in Context. Artibus et Historiae, 1986, vol. 7, no. 13, pp. 35–53.
  • 8. Cooper D. St Augustine’s Ecstasy before the Trinity in the Art of the Hermits, c. 1360–c. 1440. Bourdua L.; Dunlop A. (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy. Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007, pp. 183–204.
  • 9. Cosma A.; Pittiglio G et al. Iconografia Agostiniana, vols. 1–2. Roma, Città Nuova Editrice Publ., 2011–2015 (In Italian).
  • 10. Di Lorenzo A. (ed.). Il polittico agostiniano di Piero della Francesca. Torino, Allemandi Publ., 1996, 151 p. (in Italian).
  • 11. Elliott J. Augustine and the New Augustinianism in the Choir Frescoes of the Eremitani, Padua. Bourdua L.; Dunlop A. (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy. Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007, pp. 117–144.
  • 12. Fiorenza G. Dosso Dossi, Garofalo, and the Costabili Polyptych: Imaging Spiritual Authority. The Art Bulletin, 2000, vol. 82, no. 2, pp. 252–279.
  • 13. Fondaras A. Augustinian Art and Meditation in Renaissance Florence: The Choir Altarpieces of Santo Spirito 1480–1510. Leiden; Boston, Brill Publ., 2020. 384 p.
  • 14. Gagliardi I. L’ordine nello specchio dei suoi santi: il leggendario agostiniano (1329–1331) custodito presso la biblioteca laurenziana di Firenze. Rivista di storia della Chiesa in Italia, 2017, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 459–476. (in Italian).
  • 15. Gardner von Teuffel Ch. The Carmelite Altarpiece (circa 1290–1550): The Self-Identification of an Order. Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz, 2015, vol. 57, no 1, pp. 2–41.
  • 16. Gaston R. Liturgy and Patronage in San Lorenzo, Florence 1350–1650. Kent F. W.; Simons P. (eds). Patronage, Art, and Society in Renaissance Italy. New York, Oxford University Press Publ., 1987, pp. 111–133.
  • 17. Giurescu E. Trecento Family Chapels in Santa Maria Novella and Santa Croce: Architecture, Patronage, and Competition. Ph.D. dissertation. New York University, 1997.
  • 18. Gordon D. Simone Martini’s Altarpiece for S. Agostino, San Gimignano. The Burlington Magazine, 1991, vol. 133, no. 1064, p. 771.
  • 19. Gordon D. The Fourteenth-Century Altars and Chapels and Their Altarpieces in the Camaldolese Monastery of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Florence: the Saving of Souls ‘more laudabili’. Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte, 2013, vol. 76, no 3, pp. 289–314.
  • 20. Hoeniger C. Simone Martini’s Panel of the Blessed Agostino Novello: the Creation of a Local Saint. Bourdua L.; Dunlop A. (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy. Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007, pp. 51–78.
  • 21. Holgate I. The Cult of Saint Monica in Quattrocento Italy: Her Place in Augustinian Iconography, Devotion and Legend. Papers of the British School at Rome, 2003, vol. 71, pp. 181–206.
  • 22. Israёls M. (ed. ). Sassetta. The Borgo San Sepolcro Altarpiece, vol. 1–2. Florence, Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies; Leiden, Primavera Press Publ., 2009. 624 p.
  • 23. Karpov K. V. Religio Augustini: Augustine and Spirituality in the Augustinian Order. Gosudarstvo, religiia, Tserkov’ v Rossii i za rubezhom (State, Religion, Church in Russia and Abroad), 2015, no. 4(33), pp. 375–390 (in Russian).
  • 24. Norman D. ‘In the Beginning Was the Word’: An Altarpiece by Ambrogio Lorenzetti for the Augustinian Hermits of Massa Marittima. Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte, 1995, vol. 58, no 4, pp. 478–503.
  • 25. Ruda J. Style and Patronage in the 1440s: Two Altarpieces of the Coronation of the Virgin by Filippo Lippi. Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz, 1984, vol. 28, no 3, pp. 363–384.
  • 26. Saak E. L. The Creation of Augustinian Identity in the Later Middle Ages. Augustiniana, 1999, vol. 49, no. 1, 2, pp. 109–164.
  • 27. Saak E. L. Creating Augustine. Interpreting Augustine and Augustinians in the Later Middle Ages. Oxford, Oxford University Press Publ., 2012. 258 p.
  • 28. Thompson N. M. The Franciscans and the True Cross: The Decoration of the Cappella Maggiore of Santa Croce in Florence. Gesta, 2004 , vol. 43, no 1, pp. 61–79.
  • 29. Warr C. Hermits, Habits and History: the Dress of the Augustinian Hermits, L. Bourdua, A. Dunlop (eds.). Art and the Augustinian Order in Early Renaissance Italy, Aldershot-Burlington, Ashgate Publ., 2007, pp. 17–29.