Tsypkin, Denis O.; Simonova, Ekaterina S. The Emergence of the Notion of Style in the Mentality of Old Russian Book Makers

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa2313-9-60
Title The Emergence of the Notion of Style in the Mentality of Old Russian Book Makers
Author email d.tsypkin@spbu.ru
About author Tsypkin, Denis O. — Ph. D., director for special value funds. National Library of Russia, Sadovaya ul., 18, 191069 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; d.tsypkind@nlr.ru; associate professor, head of the Department of European and Russian cultural history. St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaia nab., 7–9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; d.tsypkin@spbu.ru; SPIN-code: 8079-2820; ORCID: 0000-0002-8207-8551 Simonova, Ekaterina S. — head of Information and Bibliographic Services of the Department of Manuscripts. National Library of Russia, Sadovaya ul., 18, 191069 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; grechekat@yandex.ru; SPIN-code: 5848-0624
In the section Interdisciplinary Methods in the Research on Cultural Heritage DOI10.18688/aa2313-9-60
Year 2023 Volume 13 Pages 748–766
Type of article RAR Index UDK 76.01; 930.2 Index BBK 85.103(2)6; 63.2; 63.3(2)45
Abstract

The article completes a series of researches on the manuscript f. 115 No. 160 from the collection of Saint Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Science. This manuscript, the so-called Stroganov ABC-book, was created in 1604 by the famous Moscow calligrapher Fyodor Basov for Nikita Stroganov. The paper presents important clarifications regarding the structure of the book. A careful analysis has revealed that the book was structured according to the category of style, which should be regarded as an important new notion in the mentality of professional Russian calligraphers of the time. The paper analyzes the Stroganov ABC-book in the context of definitions used in the 16th-17th century book inventories of Russian monasteries, where the similar notion of book ornaments has been also revealed. The concept of style can be found in such library inventories from the 1570s. Although some understanding of the stylistic peculiarities of book writing and decoration may have appeared only as a result of the so-called “second South-Slavic influence”, a clearer notion of style was probably formed by the adoption of Western types of decoration (the so-called Fryazhsky style) of Russian books and documents. The collision between the Byzantine (or Slavic-Byzantine) and Western traditions of book decoration obviously led to the shaping of the special category of style in the professional consciousness of the Muscovite calligraphers and scribes.

The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22-18-00615, in the National Library of Russia.
Keywords
Reference Tsypkin, Denis O.; Simonova, Ekaterina S. The Emergence of the Notion of Style in the Mentality of Old Russian Book Makers. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 13. Eds A. V. Zakharova, S. V. Maltseva, E. Iu. Staniukovich-Denisova. — Lomonosov Moscow State University / St. Petersburg: NP-Print, 2023, pp. 748–766. ISSN 2312-2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa2313-9-60
Publication Article language russian
Bibliography
  • Balachenkova A. P. The Problem of Dating of Old Russian Household Bindings. Mavrodinskie chteniia: Sbornik statei (Mavrodin Conference: Collection of Articles). St. Petersburg, SPGU Publ., 2002, pp. 42–46 (in Russian).
  • Dianova T. V. Old-printed Ornament. Drevnerusskoe iskusstvo. Rukopisnaia kniga (Old Russian Art. Handwritten book), vol. 2. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974. pp. 206–335 (in Russian).
  • Fomin V.V. The term ‘fryagi’ of Russian Monuments of the 12th–17th Centuries and Its Meanings. Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i iuridicheskie nauki, kul’turologiia i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki: Nauchno-teoreticheskij i prikladnoj zhurnal (Historical, Philosophical, Political and Legal Sciences, Culturology and Art History. Issues of Theory and Practice: Scientific-theoretical and Applied Journal), 2018, no. 3(89), pp. 69–74 (in Russian).
  • Georgievskii V. T. Freski Ferapontova monastyria (Prilozhenie: Opis’ Iosifo-Volokolamskogo monastyria 1545 (7053) goda) (Frescoes of the Ferapontov Monastery). St. Petersburg, Komitet popechitel’stva o russkoi ikonopisi Publ., 1911. 121 p. (in Russian).
  • Inventories of the Books of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery in 1573 and 1591. Knizhnye tsentry Drevnei Rusi. Iosifo-Volokolamskii monastyr’ kak tsentr knizhnosti (Manuscript Centres of Ancient Russia. Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery as a Centre of Bookishness). Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1991, pp. 42–99 (in Russian).
  • Inventory of Books of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, 1545. Knizhnye tsentry Drevnei Rusi. Iosifo-Volokolamskii monastyr’ kak tsentr knizhnosti (Manuscript Centres of Ancient Russia. Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery as a Centre of Bookishness). Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1991, pp. 24–41 (in Russian).
  • Karskii E. F. Slavianskaia kirillovskaia paleografiia (Slavonic Cyrillic Palaeography). Leningrad, Academy of Sciences USSR Publ., 1928. 494 p. (in Russian).
  • Kazakova N. A. Book Writing Activity and Social and Political Views of Guriy Tushin Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoi literatury (Studies of the Old Russian Literature Department), vol. 17. Moscow, Academy of Sciences USSR Publ., 1961. pp. 169–200 (in Russian).
  • Kiselev N.P. Origin of Moscow old-printed ornamentation. Kniga: Issledovaniia i materialy (Book: Studies and Materials), vol. 11. Moscow, Kniga Publ., 1965. pp. 167–198. (In Russian).
  • Klepikov S. A. Description of Ancient Russian Household Bindings. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po opisaniiu slaviano-russkikh rukopisei dlia Svodnogo kataloga rukopisei, khraniashchikhsia v SSSR (Methodical Recommendations on the Description of Slavic-Russian Manuscripts for the Consolidated Catalogue of Manuscripts Stored in the USSR), vol. 2, iss. I. Moscow, Institute of History Academy of Sciences USSR Publ., 1965, pp. 51–77 (in Russian).
  • Koceva E. The Alexandrian-Popgerasim Letter in Bulgarian Manuscripts of the Second Half of the 14th Century. Starobolgarskaia literatura (Old Bulgarian literature). Sofiia, Institut literatury BAN Publ., 1971, pp. 369–401 (in Bulgarian).
  • Konakova A.D.; Tsypkin D. O. “Azbuki friaskie” in the History of Russian Calligraphy (To the Formulation of the Problem). Drevniaia Rus’. Voprosy medievistiki (Old Russia. Questions of Medieval Studies), no. 3 (61), September, 2015. Moscow, Indrik Publ., 2015, pp. 56–57 (in Russian).
  • Kostiukhina L. M. New Byzantine Ornament. Drevnerusskoe iskusstvo. Rukopisnaia kniga (Old Russian Art. Handwritten book), vol. 2. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974. pp. 265–295 (in Russian).
  • Markelov G. V. Book-written Original of the Stroganovs from 1604. Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoi literatury (Studies of the Old Russian Literature Department), vol. 54. St. Petersburg, Dmitrii Bulanin Publ., 2003. pp. 684 – 699 (in Russian).
  • Mudrova N. A. Biblioteka Stroganovykh (vtoraia polovina XVI – nachalo XVIII v.) (Stroganov Library (Second Half of the 16th – Beginning of the 18th Century)). Ekaterinburg, UrO RAN, Publ., 2015. 540 p. (in Russian).
  • Opis’ biblioteki N.G. Stroganova 1620 g. (Inventory of the Library of N.G. Stroganov, 1620). Ekaterinburg, UrO RAN, Publ., 1991. 79 p. (in Russian).
  • Opisi Solovetskogo monastyria XVI veka (Inventory of the Solovetsky Monastery of the 16th Century). St. Petersburg, Dmitrii Bulanin Publ., 2003. 356 p. (in Russian).
  • Pozdeeva I. V. Chelovek. Kniga. Istoriia. Moskovskaia pechat’ XVII veka (Man. Book. History. Moscow Printing of the 17th Century). Moscow, Fantom Publ., 2016. 576 p. (in Russian).
  • Preobrazhenskij A. S. Western Motifs and Forms in Post-Byzantine Painting of Muscovy. Preliminary Thoughts. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art, vol. 6. St. Petersburg, NP-Print Publ., 2016, pp. 252–266; 883–884 (in Russian). DOI: 10.18688/aa166-3-26
  • Sharomazov M. N. “Nash” or “Pokoi” (On the Time of Creation of the Inventory of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, published by V. T. Georgievsky). Ot Srednevekov’ia k Novomu vremeni (From the Middle Ages to the Modern Period). Moscow, Indrik Publ., 2006, pp. 571–586 (in Russian).
  • Shchepkin V. N. Viaz’. Drevnosti. Trudy Imperatorskogo Moskovskogo arkheologicheskogo obshchestva (Antiquities. Proceedings of the Imperial Moscow Archaeological Society), vol. 20. Moscow, 1904. pp. 57–80, Pl. XXXIX–LV (in Russian).
  • Shchepkin V. N. Russkaia paleografiia (Russian Palaeography). Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1967. 224 p. (in Russian).
  • Shibaev M. A. From the History of Book Writing in the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery in the Middle of the 15th Century. Vestnik Severnogo (Arkticheskogo) federal’nogo universiteta. Seriia: Gumanitarnye i sotsial’nye nauki (Bulletin of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences), no. 3, 2018, pp. 36–42 (in Russian).
  • Shul’gina E. V. Balkan Ornament. Drevnerusskoe iskusstvo. Rukopisnaia kniga (Old Russian Art. Handwritten book), vol. 2. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974, pp. 240–264 (in Russian).
  • Simonova E. S.; Tsypkin D. O. Aesthetics and Technology of the Early Modern Book in the Inventories of Old Russian Monastic Libraries. A Few Preliminary Remarks. Natsional’naia biblioteka (National Library), no. 1 (22), 2023, pp. 50–54 (in Russian).
  • Sinitsyna N. V. Identification of Handwritings of Russian Manuscript Books of the Late 15th – First Half of the 16th Century and Its Difficulties. Problemy paleografii i kodikologii v SSSR (Problems of Palaeography and Codicology in the USSR). Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974. pp. 89—112 (in Russian).
  • Slovar’ russkogo iazyka XI–XVII vv. (Dictionary of the Russian Language 11th–17th cc.). vol. 8. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1981. 352 p. (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. The Stroganov ABC-Book of 1604 as a Source on Old Russian Art of Writing. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art, vol. 6. St. Petersburg, NP-Print Publ., 2016, pp. 800–814, 912. DOI: 10.18688/aa166-12-88 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. Old Russian Metnoye Pismo. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019. no. 1, pp. 124–135. DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu19.2019.109 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. To the Question of the Registers of Old Russian Writing. Vspomogatel’nye istoricheskie discipliny v sovremennom nauchnom znanii. Materialy XXXII Mezhdunarodnoj konferencii (Auxiliary Historical Disciplines in Modern Scientific Knowledge. Materials of the 32th International Conference). Moscow, IVI RAN Publ., 2019, pp. 423–425 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. To the Question of the Beginning of the New Age in the History of Russian Writing: Some Preliminary Observations. Avraamievskaia sedmitsa: materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii, 11–13 sentiabria 2019 g. (Abrahamievskaia sedmitza: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, 11–13 September 2019). Smolensk, Svitok Publ., 2020, pp. 204–222 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. On the Formation of the Aesthetics of Old Russian Cursive Writing (Manuscript f. 115, no. 160 from St. Petersburg Institute of History). Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art, vol. 11. St. Petersburg, NP-Print Publ., 2021, pp. 907–924, 994. DOI: 10.18688/aa2111-11-74 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. Old Russian Calligraphy in the Context of Cognitive Transformations (Some Notes on Early Modern Monokondylia). Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art, vol. 12. St. Petersburg, SPGU Publ., 2022, pp. 688–704, 919. DOI: 10.18688/aa2212-08-55 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O. The Stroganov ABC-Book of 1604: Old Russian Calligraphy at the Beginning of the Era of Printing. Pol’za zelo velikaia: sbornik nauchnykh statei k 60-letiiu Andreia Vladimirovicha Voznesenskogo (Very Great Benefit: Collection of Articles in Honor of Andrei Voznesensky). St. Petersburg, RNB Publ., 2022, pp. 21–36 (in Russian).
  • Tsypkin D. O.; Simonova E. S.; Shibaev M. A. Technological Peculiarities of Old Russian Books as Reflected in Early Modern Inventories of Monastic Libraries. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, iss. 4, рp. 1313–1328 (in Russian). DOI: 10.21638/spbu02.2022.415
  • Zatsepina E.V. To the Question of the Origin of the Old Printed Ornament. U istokov russkogo knigopechataniia (At the Origins of Russian Printing). Moscow, Academy of Sciences USSR Publ., 1959, pp. 101–154 (in Russian).
  • Zernova A. S. Ornamentika knig moskovskoi pechati XVI–XVII vekov (Ornamentation of Moscow Printed Books of the 16th–17th Centuries). Moscow, GBL Publ., 1952. 84 p. (in Russian).
  • Zhivov V. M. Istoriia iazyka russkoi pis’mennosti (History of the Language of Russian Writing), vol. 2. Moscow, Russian Foundation for Promotion of Education and Science Publ., 2017. 470 p. (in Russian).