Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa200-7-71
Title The Founders’ Panels from the Church of Saint Demetrius in Thessaloniki. The State of Portraiture in Early Byzantine Painting
Author email vos-chod@yandex.ru
About author Obraztsova, Ksenia Borisovna — Ph. D. student. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
In the section Balkan Studies DOI10.18688/aa200-7-71
Year 2020 Volume 10 Pages 755771
Type of article RAR Index UDK 7.03 Index BBK 85.143(3)
Abstract

The paper is dedicated to the founders’ panels from the church of Saint Demetrius in Thessaloniki.The representations of the historical figures are remarkable for the portrait-like appearance, unusual for the 7th century. The feature plays a crucial role for the identification of the anonymous images and at the same timemarks the difference between the depictions of saints and historical figures. To find a place of the ensemble within the fading tradition of portrait painting, the article is provided with a survey of major lines and means of transformation of the genre in various contexts throughout the Late Antique and Early Byzantine period. Stylization of the physiognomic features is regarded as one of the main tendencies of the development. The impact of it is ambiguous: on the one hand, stylization reveals the attitude towards the generalizing image, on the other it can be interpreted as a mean of emphasizing of individual characteristics. The latter peculiarity, in our view, binds the founders’ images with the much earlier portrait tradition and enables us to compare the 7th-century mosaics of Saint Demetrius with the sculpture portraits of late 4th — first half of the 5th century.

This work is supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant 20-18-00294 and performed in Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the Central Institute for Research and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services ofthe Russian Federation.

Keywords
Reference Obraztsova, Ksenia B. The Founders’ Panels from the Church of Saint Demetrius in Thessaloniki. The State of Portraiture in Early Byzantine Painting. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 10. Ed: A. V. Zakharova, S. V. Maltseva, E. Iu. Staniukovich-Denisova. — Lomonosov Moscow State University / St. Petersburg: NP-Print, 2020, pp. 755–771. ISSN 2312-2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa200-7-71
Publication Article language russian
Bibliography
  • Andreae B. (ed.). Bildkatalog der Skulpturen des Vatikanischen Museums: Museo Chiaramonti, vol. 1. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter Publ., 1995. 1106 p. (in German).
  • Andreescu-Treadgold I.; Treadgold W. Procopius and the Imperial Panels of S. Vitale. The Art Bulletin, 1997, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 708–723.
  • Bakirtzis Ch. “…Varvaron klydona varvaron stolon…”. Byzantina, 1985, vol. 13 (2), pp. 1053–1058. (in Greek).
  • Bakirtzis Ch. I basiliki tou Agiou Dimitriou (The Basilica of Saint Demetrius). Thessaloniki, Institute for Balkan Studies Publ., 1986. 91 p. (in Greek).
  • Bakirtzis Ch. (ed.). Agiou Dimitriou Thavmata. I silloges archiepiskopou Ioannou ke Anonimou. O bios, ta thavmata ke i Thessaloniki tou Agiou Dimitriou (Miracles of Saint Demetrius. The Collections of Archbishop John and an Anonymous. The Life, Miracles and Thessaloniki of Saint Demetrius). Thessaloniki, Agra Publ., 1997. 577 p. (in Greek).
  • Bakirtzis Ch.; Kourkoutidou-Nikolaidou E.; Mavropoulou-Tsioumi C. Mosaics of Thessaloniki: 4th to 11th Century. Athens, Kapon Publ., 2012. 360 p.
  • Bauer F. A. Eine Stadt und ihr Patron: Thessaloniki und der Heilige Demetrios. Regensburg, Schnell & Steiner Publ., 2013. 488 p. (in German).
  • Bordi G. Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le mura. Il mosaico dell’arco absidale (576–590). Un’introduzione. Andaloro M.; D’Angelo C. (eds.). Mosaici medievali a Roma attraverso il restauro dell’ICR 1991–2004. Roma, Gangemi Publ., 2017, pp. 103–105 (in Italian).
  • Brubaker L. Elites and Patronage in Early Byzantium: The Evidence from Hagios Demetrios at Thessalonike.
  • Haldon J.; Conrad L. I. (eds.). The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, vol. 6: Elites Old and New in the
  • Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East. Princeton, Darwin Press Publ., 2004, pp. 63–90.
  • Calza R. Museo Ostiense. Roma, La Libreria Dello Stato Publ., 1947. (Itinerari dei musei e monumenti
  • d’Italia. Vol. 79). 57 p. (in Italian).
  • Cameron A. City Personifications and Consular Diptychs. Journal of Roman Studies, 2015, vol. 105, pp. 250–287.
  • Cormack R. S. The Mosaic Decoration of St. Demetrios, Thessaloniki. A Re-Examination in the Light of the Drawings of W. S. George. Annual of the British School at Athens, 1969, vol. 64, pp. 17–52.
  • Deichmann F. W. Ravenna. Geschichte und Monumente. Wiesbaden, Steiner Publ., 1969. 344 p. (in German).
  • Delfini Filippi G. Per la storia del restauro musivo nel secolo XIX: l’esempio di Sant’Agnese fuori le Mura. Storia dell’Arte, 1989, vol. 65, pp. 86–94 (in Italian).
  • Effenberger A. Frühchristliche Kunst und Kultur. Von den Anfängen bis zum 7. Jahrhundert. Munich, Beck Publ., 1986. 383 p. (in German).
  • Ensoli S.; La Rocca E. (eds.). Aurea Roma: dalla città pagana alla città cristiana. Catalogo della mostra: Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Roma, 22 dicembre 2000 al 20 aprile 2001. Roma, L’Erma di Bretschneider Publ., 2000. 732 p. (in Italian).
  • Foletti I. Physiognomic Representations as a Rhetorical Instrument: “Portraits” in San Vittore in Ciel d’Oro, the Galla Placidia “Mausoleum” and San Paolo Fuori le Mura. Foletti I. (ed.). The Face of the Dead and the Early Christian World. Rome, Viella Publ., 2013, pp. 61–83.
  • Fourlas B. Ktístas theōreîs. Wer ist der zivile Würdenträger auf dem Stiftermosaik in der Demetrios-Kirche in Thessaloniki. Byzantina Symmeikta, 2010, vol. 20, pp. 195–244 (in German).
  • Gianandrea M. Il “doppio papa” nelle decorazioni absidali del Medioevo romano. Mélanges en hommage à Xavier Barral i Altet. Paris, Picard Publ., 2012, pp. 663–669 (in Italian).
  • Gkoutzioukostas A. “Tou varvaron klydona varvaron stolo metatrepontos...” A Proposal for the Interpretation of the Mosaic Inscription of the Builders from the Church of Saint Demetrius. Byzantina Symmeikta, 2014, vol. 24 (1), pp. 11–28 (in Greek).
  • Grabar A. Notes sur les mosaïques de Saint-Démétrios à Salonique. Byzantion, 1978, vol. 48, pp. 64–77.
  • Haussig H. W. Seidenstoffe als Mittel, die Vorlagen der Pfeilermosaiken mit Darstellungen des Heiligen Demetrios in Hagios Demetrios in Thessalonike zu bestimmen. Actes du Xe Congrès International d’archéologie chrétienne, Thessalonique, 28 Septembre – 4 Octobre 1980 (Studi di antichita cristiana, vol. 37). Vatican, Papal Institute for Christian Archeology Publ., 1984, pp. 197–209 (in German).
  • Hoddinott R. F. Early Byzantine Churches in Macedonia and Southern Serbia. A Study of the Origins and the Initial Development of East Christian Art. London, Macmillan Publ., 1963. 263 p.
  • Inan J.; Rosenbaum E. Roman and Early Byzantine Portrait: Sculpture from Asia Minor. London, Oxford University Press Publ., 1966. 244 p.
  • Inan J.; Alföldi-Rosenbaum E. Römische und Frühbyzantinische Porträtplastik aus der Türkei: neue Funde. Mainz am Rhein, von Zabern Publ., 1979. 368 p. (in German).
  • Kitzinger E. Byzantine Art in the Period between Justinian and Iconoclasm. Berichte zum XI. Internationalen Byzantinisten-Kongress, München, 1958. Munich, Beck Publ., 1958, pp. 1–50.
  • Lemerle P. Les plus anciens recueils des miracles de Saint Démétrius, vol. 1: Texte. Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Publ., 1979. 268 p. (in French).
  • Lemerle P. Les plus anciens recueils des miracles de Saint Démétrius, vol. 2: Commentaire. Paris, Centre
  • National de la Recherche Scientifique Publ., 1981. 262 p. (in French).
  • Mauskopf Deliyannis D. Ravenna in Late Antiquity. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press Publ., 2010. 444 p.
  • Mentzos A. Ta psifidota tis anikodomisis tou naou tou Agiou Dimitriou ston 7o eona m.Ch. (The Mosaics of the Rebuilding of Saint Demetrius Church in the 7th Century AD) (Byzantine Texts and studies, vol. 54). Thessaloniki, Centre for Byzantine Studies Publ., 2010. 125 p. (in Greek).
  • Olovsdotter C. Representing Consulship: On the Conception and Meanings of the Consular Diptychs. Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome, 2011, vol. 4, pp. 99–124.
  • Papazotos T. The Mosaic with Donors in Saint Demetrius, Thessaloniki. Afieroma sti mnimi Stilianou Pelekanidi (Makedonika. Suppl. 5). Thessaloniki, 1983, pp. 365–376 (in Greek).
  • Rhoby A. Byzantinische Epigramme in inschriftlicher Überlieferung, vol. 1: Byzantinische Epigramme auf Fresken und Mosaiken. Vienna, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Publ., 2009. 503 p. (in German).
  • Romiopoulou K. Ellinoromaika glipta tou Ethnikou Archeologikou Mousiou (Greco-Roman Sculpture in the
  • National Archaeological Museum) (Dimosievmata tou Archeologikou deltiou, vol. 61). Athens, Archaeological Resources Fund Publ., 1997. 140 p. (in Greek).
  • Salerno L.; Paribene E. (eds.). Palazzo Rondinini con un catalogo dei marmi antichi. Rome, Banca Nazionale dell’Agricultura Publ., 1964. 339 p. (in Italian).
  • Skedros J. C. St. Demetrios of Thessaloniki: Civic Patron and Divine Protector, 4th–7th Centuries CE (Harvard Theological Studies, vol. 47). Harrisburg, Trinity Press International Publ., 1999. 169 p.
  • Smith R. R. R. Late Antique Portraits in a Public Context: Honorific Statuary at Aphrodisias in Caria, A.D. 300–600. The Journal of Roman Studies, 1999, vol. 89, pp. 155–189.
  • Smith R. R. R. The Statue Monument of Oecumenius. A New Portrait of a Late Antique Governor from Aphrodisias. The Journal of Roman Studies, 2002, vol. 92, pp. 134–156.
  • Smith R. R. R.; Ward-Perkins B. (eds). The Last Statues of Antiquity. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2016. 410 p.
  • Sotiriou G.; Sotiriou M. I basiliki tou Agiou Dimitriou Thessalonikis (The Basilica of Saint Demetrius in Thessaloniki). Athens, Archaeological Society of Athens Publ., 1952. 278 p. (in Greek).
  • Trofimova A. A. Did Portraiture Exist as a Genre in Classical Antiquity? About One of the Problems in Art Theory. Zakharova A. V.; Maltseva, S. V.; Staniukovich-Denisova E. Iu. (eds.). Actual Problems of Theory
  • and History of Art: Collection of Articles, vol. 6. St. Petersburg, Saint Petersburg University Press Publ., 2017, pp. 39–50 (in Russian). Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa177-1-4 (accessed 1 May 2020).
  • Velenis G. Identification of the Figures from the Mosaics in Saint Demetrius, Thessaloniki. XXe Congrès International des Études Byzantines, Collège de France – Sorbonne, 19–25 août 2001. Pré-Actes, vol. 3. Paris, 2001, p. 308 (in Greek).
  • Velenis G. Thoughts on Two Mosaic Inscriptions in Saint Demetrius, Thessaloniki. Deltion Christianikes Archaiologikes Hetaireias, 2003, vol. 24, pp. 37–44 (in Greek).
  • Walsh P. G. (ed.). Letters of St. Paulinus of Nola, vol. 2: Letters 23–51. New York, Newmann Press Publ., 1967. 666 p.
  • Weitzmann K. (ed.). Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century. Catalogue of the Exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, November 1977 through February 12, 1978. New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Princeton University Press Publ., 1979. 735 p.
  • Xyngopoulos A. The Mosaics of the Church of Saint Demetrius in Thessaloniki. Thessaloniki, Institute for Balkan Studies Publ., 1969. 31 p.